Land Surveying Equipment Guide
Core instruments, selection advice, and workflow best practices.
Core Instruments
- GNSS/GPS (RTK/PPK): High-precision positioning
- Total stations & robotics: Angle/distance measurements
- Levels: Differential leveling for elevation
- UAVs & LiDAR: Remote sensing and dense point clouds
- Data collectors: Field software and connectivity
Software Stack
- CAD (Civil/Survey), GIS (ArcGIS/QGIS)
- Photogrammetry (Pix4D, Metashape)
- Least squares adjustment and QC tools
Selection & Calibration Tips
- Match accuracy class to project tolerance
- Check firmware, compatibility, and support
- Establish field calibration routines and QA/QC
- Use control networks and redundancy in observations
Deep Guide: Field QA/QC & Control
- Design robust control networks; check loops and closures.
- Instrument checks: EDM/angle calibration and rod bubble tests.
- GNSS best practices: multipath mitigation, PDOP windows, masks.
- Data integrity: redundancy, metadata, and audit trails.
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